Discourse the environmental factors that affect building undertakings. Discourse the demand for steps to protect the environment, and factors in be aftering the choice, usage and recycling of stuffs. Illustrate by taking a sustainable stuff that will be used in the building of the New Street Station Project. Follow the procedure of how it could be applied and recycled.
Energy Use, Global Warming and Climate Change
The Earth has warmed by about 0.5A°C in the last hundred old ages. There is grounds that this has been caused by an addition in the concentrations of certain hint nursery gases. When fossil fuels are burned to obtain energy C dioxide is produced. In the UK the building industry ‘s related energy usage histories for something like half of the national energy usage. Large sums of C dioxide emanations are released into the ambiance through the usage of fossil-fuel-derived energy in the production of stuffs, throughout the building procedure and by the construction during its life-time.
Kyoto Protocol
“ Ongoing attempts sing international co-operation to restrict and cut down the production of COA? culminated in the sign language of the Kyoto Protocol by 38 industrialized states on 10 November 2001. In footings of this understanding, emanations of six nursery gases have to be cut on norm by 5.2 per centum below 1990 degrees during the five-year period 2008 to 2012 ” ( Comararchitect.org n.d. ) .
The environmental factors that affect building undertakings are:
Construction waste – WMP ( Waste Management Plan i.e. lumber )
Contaminated land – Argon, Mercury etc.
Carbon emanations – energy efficiency – What signifier of energy?
Sustainable stuffs – Give illustration i.e. FSC /PEFC lumber
Pollution
Wildlife
EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment
Timber
Sustainability
Timber can be regarded as a renewable stuff – through sustainable forest direction it can be replenished infinitely. Timber is environmentally friendly, widely available and abundant. In sustainable woods extraction is compensated for by replacing the harvested tree with another tree. Timber is the most sustainable pick when compared with other constructing stuffs. Table 1.0 shows lumber is the most efficient stuff both in footings of embodied energy and environmental impacts when compared to other stuffs such as concrete, aluminum, steel, plastic and glass. Very small energy is required when treating a natural tree bole to a functional lumber merchandise as its extraction and completing do non affect any purification or runing phases.
Material
Embodied energy
Environmental impacts
( GJ/m3 )
GWP ( kg/m3 )
AP ( kg/m3 )
POCP ( kg/m3 )
Aluminum
497
29975.4
162
321.3
Bricks
5.4
342
3.6
30.6
Ceramic tiles
16
1142
8
102
Concrete
4.8
156
2.4
0.72
Glass
19.2
1365.6
96
4.8
Plaster board
4.5
238.5
2.7
1.8
Roof tiles
2.2
288.2
2.2
2.2
Polyvinyl chloride
116
1932
17.9
0.69
Steel
200
17840
80
6720
Wood
1.65
63.8
0.55
0.55
GWP, planetary warming possible ; AP, acidification potency ; POCP, photochemical ozone creative activity potency ; PVC, polyvinyl chloride
Beginning: ( Khatib, 2009, p. 40 )
Table 1.0 Environmental impacts of edifice stuffs
Waste disposal and recycling
Timber is reclaimable stuff and is an environmentally friendly merchandise – it is easy to screen and recycle. Recycled lumber is normally sourced from old edifices, piers and boats where it is carefully stripped out and set aside by demolishers. Recycled lumber is used in the production of hardboard and particleboard. Timber is besides used as a biomass fuel – whether in the signifier of pellets or french friess from waste wood, logs for ranges, or willow brush for co-firing power Stationss. Recycled lumber can besides be used as flooring, paneling, beams and railroad slumberers.
Undertaking 2
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 3.2
Evaluate environmentally responsible methods for disposing of the undermentioned waste stuffs in the building procedure of New Street Station:
Paper
Plastics – Packaging
Chemicals
Discuss how you would be after and plan for the issues. For each merchandise, explain the procedure of how it is procured, used, recycled or disposed of.
Site Waste Management Plans ( SWMPs ) Regulations 2008
“ From 6th April 2008 all building undertakings in England bing more than ?300,000 ( excepting VAT ) will necessitate a site waste direction program ( SWMP ) ” ( Love 2008 ) .
Under the SWMPs Regulations 2008 building undertakings estimated between the values of ?300,000 – ?500,000 must include for the safe remotion of waste from site, the name of the company taking the waste and the name of the site having the waste. For building undertakings estimated over the value of ?500,000 a waste bearer enrollment figure, a description of the waste and the environmental license of the having site must be included in add-on to the abovementioned information.
National Specialist Contractors Council ( NSCC )
Potentially 100 % of non-hazardous building waste can be turned into new merchandises or energy. Metric tons of valuable stuff can be diverted from landfill through recycling. Making segregation of waste every bit easy as possible is the key to successful recycling. Segregation can be achieved through each different waste stuff being assigned a container. Each container should hold clear signage explicating what can be and can non be disposed of. Once in topographic point, preparation in the segregation of waste to all employees in the signifier of on-site briefings as portion of tool chest negotiations should be provided.
The National Colour coding Scheme for Construction Waste is an industry-specific strategy developed by a coaction of the Institution of Civil Engineers ( ICE ) and Waste & A ; Resources Action Programme ( WRAP ) . The 7 most common waste stuffs found on building sites have been colour coded to accomplish automatic segregation.
Plasterboard
White
Inert
Grey
Assorted
Black
Wood
Green
Hazardous
Orange
Metallic element
Dark Blue
Boxing
Brown
Plastics
Purple
Glass
Light Blue
Beginning: ( NSCC 2013, p.8 )
Paper
Undertaking 3
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 3.3
Evaluate by utilizing illustrations the different methods that the client could salvage on energy costs. Evaluate environmentally responsible methods for advancing environmental efficiency. Demonstrate with illustrations how a company could advance environmental efficiency.
Passive solar design:
Direct solar addition
The most basic signifier of solar addition is ‘Direct Gain ‘ . Thermal mass incorporated into the floor and walls is absorbed by the solar energy that enters through south-facing glazing. The thermic mass collects heat during the twenty-four hours and releases it into the living infinite during the dark. During cool darks a comfy temperature can be maintained because of this re-radiation of gathered heat.
Renewable engineerings:
Wood-fuelled warming
Wood-fuelled heating systems can heat a individual room through a standalone range firing logs or pellets. A back boiler may be fitted to supply hot H2O. A boiler firing pellets, logs or french friess, can be connected to a cardinal warming and hot H2O system.
The benefits of wood-fuelled warming:
A low-carbon option: carbon-neutral renewable heat is generated through firing wood. There are no added C emanations in entire every bit long as a new tree is planted for each one burnt.
Solar Panels ( PV )
Solar photovoltaic ‘s ( PV ) , besides called solar panel electricity systems use photovoltaic cells to capture the Sun ‘s energy. The cells create electrical energy by transition of sunshine. Direct sunshine is non ever needed as some electricity can be generated on a cloudy twenty-four hours.
The benefits of solar panels ( PV ) :
Reduced C footmark: solar electricity is green, renewable energy and does non let go of any detrimental C dioxide or other pollutants.
